你知道出师表怎么翻译吗？

《出师表》是中国古代文学的经典之作，由三国时期蜀汉丞相诸葛亮所作。这篇表文不仅是政治家的忠诚表达，也是文学家的深情抒发。本文将详细介绍《出师表》的原文、英文翻译、作者介绍，以及金雨翻译公司的业务范围和核心优势。

出师表原文

《出师表》分为前出师表和后出师表，通常所说的《出师表》一般指前出师表。以下是前出师表的原文：

臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

宫中府中，俱为一体；陟罚臧否，不宜异同。若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏，以昭陛下平明之理，不宜偏私，使内外异法也。

侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等，此皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下。愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必能裨补阙漏，有所广益。

将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用于昔日，先帝称之曰能，是以众议举宠为督。愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和睦，优劣得所。

亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。侍中、尚书、长史、参军，此悉贞良死节之臣，愿陛下亲之信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。

臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间，尔来二十有一年矣。

先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。受命以来，夙夜忧叹，恐托付不效，以伤先帝之明。故五月渡泸，深入不毛。今南方已定，兵甲已足，当奖率三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都。此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。至于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、祎、允之任也。

愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效，则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵。若无兴德之言，则责攸之、祎、允之咎，以彰其慢。陛下亦宜自谋，以咨诹善道，察纳雅言，深追先帝遗诏，臣不胜受恩感激。

今当远离，临表涕零，不知所云。

出师表英文翻译

The Memorial to the Emperor on Departing for War

Your servant Zhuge Liang respectfully says: The late emperor's enterprise was not yet half completed when he was unfortunately taken from us. Now the realm is divided into three parts, and our state of Yizhou is exhausted and poor. This is truly a time of critical danger for our very survival. Yet the officials in the palace and those in the government offices are all one body; the promotion or demotion, the praise or blame of any person should not be different in the palace and in the government offices. If there are any who commit crimes or violate the law, or who are loyal and virtuous, they should be referred to the proper authorities for punishment or reward, to show clearly your Majesty's impartial and enlightened governance. There should be no partiality, so that the administration within the palace and that outside may be consistent in their enforcement of the law.

The attendants in the palace, the secretaries, and the inspectors, Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, and Dong Yun, are all good and honest men, whose intentions and thoughts are loyal and pure. Therefore, the late emperor selected and left them to your Majesty. I think that for all the affairs in the palace, whether great or small, your Majesty should consult with them and then carry out the actions. This will surely help to make up for any oversights and bring great benefits.

General Xiang Chong, whose nature and conduct are kind and impartial, and who is well-versed in military affairs, was tested in the past and praised by the late emperor as capable. Therefore, everyone agreed to appoint Xiang Chong as the supervisor. I think that for all the affairs in the camp, your Majesty should consult with him, and this will surely make the troops harmonious and ensure that the capable and the less capable are properly placed.

To be close to the virtuous and distant from the petty people was the reason why the early Han dynasty prospered; to be close to the petty people and distant from the virtuous was the reason why the later Han dynasty declined. When the late emperor was alive, he often discussed this matter with me, and he never failed to sigh and feel deep regret over the reigns of Emperor Huan and Emperor Ling. The attendants, the secretaries, the chief secretaries, and the military advisors are all loyal and virtuous officials who are ready to die for their duty. I hope that your Majesty will be close to them and trust them, and then the prosperity of the Han dynasty can be expected in the near future.

I was originally a commoner, tilling the fields in Nanyang, seeking only to preserve my life in this troubled world, and not aspiring to fame among the feudal lords. The late emperor did not consider me lowly and despicable, but humbled himself to visit me three times in my thatched cottage, consulting me on the affairs of the world. Because of this, I was deeply moved and promised the late emperor to serve him with all my heart. Later, when the army was defeated, I was appointed to take charge at a time of military disaster, and I accepted the mission at a moment of great difficulty. Since then, twenty-one years have passed.

The late emperor knew that I was cautious, so he entrusted me with important matters when he was on his deathbed. Since I accepted the mission, I have been worried and sighed day and night, fearing that I would not be able to fulfill the trust and thus tarnish the late emperor's wisdom. Therefore, I crossed the Lu River in May and entered the uninhabited regions. Now that the south has been pacified and our troops are well-prepared, I should lead the three armies to the north to stabilize the Central Plains, and do my best to eliminate the treacherous and wicked, restore the Han dynasty, and return to the old capital. This is the duty I owe to the late emperor and the loyalty I owe to your Majesty. As for weighing the pros and cons and offering sincere advice, that is the responsibility of Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, and Dong Yun.

I hope that your Majesty will entrust me with the task of punishing the traitors and restoring the dynasty. If I fail, then punish my crime to inform the spirit of the late emperor. If there are no words to promote virtue, then blame Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, and Dong Yun for their negligence to show their laziness. Your Majesty should also plan by yourself, consult good ways, and carefully consider and accept wise words, deeply following the late emperor's last will. I cannot bear the gratitude for the favor I have received.

Now that I am about to leave far away, facing this memorial, tears fall, and I do not know what to say.

作者介绍（中英文）

中文介绍

诸葛亮（181年—234年），字孔明，琅琊阳都（今山东临沂市沂南县）人，三国时期蜀汉丞相，杰出的政治家、军事家、外交家、文学家、书法家、发明家。诸葛亮早年随叔父诸葛玄到荆州，诸葛玄死后，诸葛亮隐居于南阳卧龙岗。刘备三顾茅庐请出诸葛亮，联合东吴孙权，在赤壁之战中大败曹军，形成三国鼎足之势。诸葛亮受封为蜀汉丞相，辅佐刘备建立蜀汉政权，后辅佐刘禅。诸葛亮一生“鞠躬尽瘁、死而后已”，是中国传统文化中忠臣与智者的代表人物。

English Introduction

Zhuge Liang (181–234), styled Kongming, was from Yangdu, Langya (present-day Yinan County, Linyi City, Shandong Province). He was a chancellor of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. As a distinguished statesman, military strategist, diplomat, literary figure, calligrapher, and inventor, Zhuge Liang played a crucial role in the establishment of the Shu Han regime and its governance. Early in his life, he lived in seclusion in the Wolong Gully of Nanyang. Later, he was invited out of seclusion by Liu Bei, who visited him three times in his thatched cottage. Together with Sun Quan of Eastern Wu, Zhuge Liang achieved a decisive victory over Cao Cao's forces at the Battle of Red Cliffs, leading to the tripartite division of China. As the chancellor of Shu Han, Zhuge Liang dedicated himself to the state with unwavering loyalty and wisdom, embodying the ideals of a loyal minister and a wise counselor in traditional Chinese culture.

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结语

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